verbs2

Icelandic verbs 2

Personal conjugation of "að hafa" (to have)
"Að hafa" is used as an auxiliary verb to mark an activity the subject has performed in the past, the same way as in English.
"Ég hef gert það" means "I have done it".
"Að hafa" also means possession of an object.

Present tense (Nútíð) "have"

	Singular		Plural
1st.	Ég hef	(I have)	Við höfum	We have
2nd.	Þú hefur	(You have)	Þið hafið	You have
3rd.	Hann/ Hún/Það hefur	(He/She/It has)	Þeir/Þær/Þau hafa	They have

Personal conjugation of "að eiga" (to own/ to have to)
"Að eiga" is often used as an auxiliary verb to mark an activity the subject is obliged or supposed to perform in the future.
"´Þú átt að fara heim" means "You have to/shall go home".

Present tense (Nútíð)

	Singular		Plural
1st.	Ég á	(I own/have to)	Við eigum	We own/ have to
2nd.	Þú átt	(You own/ have to)	Þið eigið	You own/ have to
3rd.	Hann/ Hún/Það á	(He/She/It owns/ has to)	Þeir/Þær/Þau eiga	They own/ have to

Examples:

Hefur þú lesið bókina?	Já, ég hef lesið hana.
Höfum við hist áður?	Já, við höfum verið í sama skóla.
Ég hef keypt nýjan bíl!	Hefur þú það? Ég hef engan bíl.
Hafið þið verið á Íslandi áður?	Nei, við höfum aldrei verið þar.
Hafa búðirnar opnað?	Nei, þær hafa ekki opnað enn.
Hverjir hafa séð Geysi?	Við höfum séð Geysi.
Þau hafa ekki séð Heklu.	Hafið þið séð Gullfoss?
Við höfum séð Snæfellsjökul.	Ég hef ekki tíma.

Ég á flugmiða.	Átt þú að fara með?
Eiga þessir menn heima á Íslandi?	Við eigum að borga.
Þú átt að sitja hér.	Við eigum að fara til Akureyrar.
Á ég að koma núna?	Hvar á ég að vera?
Ég á að vera í Reykjavík á morgun.	Þú átt að koma með mér.
Allir eiga að fara út!	Átt þú heima hér?
Átt þú peninga?	Já, ég á nóg a peningum.
Átt þú bíl?	Nei, ég á ekki bíl.

Translation:

Have you read the book?	Yes, I have read it.
Have we met before?	Yes, we went to the same school
I have bought a new car.	Have you? I don´t have a car.
Have you been in Iceland before?	No, we have never been there.
Have the stores opened?	No, they have´nt opened yet.
Who have seen the Geysir?	We have seen the Geyser.
They have not seen Hekla.	Have you seen Gullfoss?
We have seen Snæfellsjökull.	We don´t have time.

I do have an airline ticket.	Are you going with (us)?
Do these men live in Iceland?	We have to pay.
You can sit here!	We are going to Akureyri.
Shall I come now?	Where can I stay?
I shall be in Reykjavík tomorrow.	Follow me!
Everybody must go out!	Do you live here?
Do you have any money?	Yes, I´ve got enough money.
Do you have a car?	No, I don´t have a car.

Past tense (Þátíð) "had" "owned"

	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
1st.	Ég hafði	Við höfðum	Ég átti	Við áttum
2nd.	Þú hafðir	Þið höfðuð	Þú áttir	Þið áttuð
3rd.	Hann/ Hún/Það hafði	Þeir/Þær/Þau höfðu	Hann/Hún/Það átti	Þeir/Þær/Þau átt

Exercise
Write in Icelandic:

Have you been in Reykjavík before?	No, I have not been there.
Have you bought a new car?	Yes, I have.
Where have you been?	I have been in Reykjavík..
I have not met you before.	Yes, we have both been in Iceland.
Do you live in Iceland?	No, I live in Canada.
You shall come now!	Do you have a ticket?
Are you coming with us?	Shall we go to see the Geyser?
The Geyser shall erupt (gjósa) now.	Where shall you be in 2001?
I do not have the money.	Are the banks (bankar) open yet?
They have not seen us.	I shall be in Canada tomorrow.
Who lives here?	Do they live in Iceland?
We have never been there.	You should go to Iceland.

Did you live in Iceland?	No, I did live in Canada.
He had seen Iceland.	Did you have a ticket?
I had no money.	The stores had closed.
I was supposed to go to Reykjavík.	They did not have to come.
I had to be here.	You were supposed to come.
The banks had opened.	You had not seen it.